Key points
- GSM is grams per square metre: the weight of the fabric, not its thickness.
- Two fabrics with the same GSM can differ in thickness and density, so specify GSM and thickness together.
- Heavier is not automatically better: choose the lightest weight that reliably does the job.
- Agree a GSM tolerance with the supplier when you order.
What GSM means
GSM stands for grams per square metre: the weight of one square metre of the fabric. A 200 GSM felt weighs 200 grams for every square metre of roll. It is a measure of weight, not of thickness.
Kiran Nonwovens makes nonwovens across a 100–1200 GSM range, so the same production range covers light linings and padding as well as heavy felt and geotextile.
GSM, thickness and density are three different numbers
Thickness is measured in millimetres. Density is how much fibre is packed into that thickness. Two fabrics with the same GSM can have different thicknesses depending on the fibre, the needling or bonding, and how much loft is left in the web.
That is why a good specification gives GSM and thickness together — and, where it matters, the density or the feel you are after (soft and lofty, or firm and dense).
Heavier is not automatically better
More GSM usually means more fibre, so more cost per square metre, and often a stiffer fabric that is harder to cut, stitch or mould. The right weight is the lightest one that reliably does the job: enough to cushion, filter, insulate or protect, without adding cost or bulk you do not need.
As a rough guide, light weights suit linings and padding, mid-range weights suit many interior felts and geotextiles, and heavy weights suit applications that need cushioning, abrasion resistance or long service under load. The real number comes from your requirement, not a rule of thumb.
Agree a tolerance
Nonwovens vary slightly in weight across the width and along the roll. Agree the tolerance you can accept — for example a plus-or-minus percentage on GSM — when you place the order, so both sides measure against the same target.
What to tell your supplier
- The application — what the material will be used for
- Target GSM and the tolerance you can accept
- Thickness, and how you want it measured
- Fibre — polyester, PP (virgin or recycled), viscose or a blend
- Roll width, roll length and colour
- Quantity per order or per month
If you do not know the GSM yet, describe the application and send a sample of what you use today; we can work back from it. You can start on the contact page or try the Spec Finder on the home page.
Questions
What GSM range does Kiran Nonwovens make?
Our nonwovens are made across a 100–1200 GSM range, in roll widths of 5.0–5.2 m. GSM, thickness, width, density, fibre blend, colour and roll length are set for each order.
Does a higher GSM mean a stronger fabric?
Not always. Strength depends on the fibre, the process and the construction as well as the weight. Two fabrics at the same GSM can perform differently, so give us the property you need — cushioning, filtration, tear resistance, insulation — and not only the number.
Can I get a nonwoven made to a specific GSM?
Yes. Every material is produced to the buyer’s specification. Send your target GSM, thickness and width in an enquiry and we will confirm exact figures with the quote.
